Defining the problem of overweight and obesity
Overweight obesity is a complex chronic condition characterized by abnormal or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in volume. That can impair human health.
A routine measure for assessing the degree of nutrition is the body mass index (BMI).
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a person’s weight in kilograms (or pounds) divided by the square of height in meters (or feet).
We consider a person obese when the BMI is equal to or greater than 30 kg/m2.
Overweight when BMI is equal to or greater than 25 kg/m2.
Obesity unquestionably is one of the biggest public health problems in the world. Obesity is most common in highly developed societies. But now also in low and medium-developed countries, especially in urban areas.
Being overweight and obese are major risk factors for a number of chronic non-contagious diseases including:
The insulin
Independent type 2 diabetes
Cardiovascular diseases
Cancer
Psychological problems etc
With the increase in body weight, the risk of developing one of the above-mentioned chronic non-contagious diseases also increases.
According to WHO data, 10 to 13% of mortality is a consequence of obesity and comorbidities.
For this purpose, it should be possible to increase physical activity and the availability of healthy food.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
PREVALENCE AND TREND OF OBESITY IN THE WORLD
According to the WHO, in 2008:
Over 50% of men and women were overweight.
23% of women and 20% of men were obese
Over 60% of children are overweight before puberty, and will also remain obese in their older years.
As a matter of fact, childhood obesity is strongly associated with risk factors for the occurrence and development of:
cardiovascular diseases,
Type 2 diabetes
Orthopedic problems
Mental disorders
Below-average achievement in schools
Low self-esteem
Methods
It is based on anthropometric measurements with a relatively high degree of precision and accuracy. The application of body weight and height is followed by one basic problem. That is basically the high correlation between body weight and height. For that reason, body weight is not an adequate measure for the assessment of deposited body fat. However, you should measure it routinely on all occasions. Thus enabling the formation of a database for the determination of chronic problems.
Relative body weight
Relative body weight is actual body weight and standard weight is given as ideal or average weight based on height.
De mole (ideal body weight) in people from 20 to 50 years old.
BMI
Malnutrition less than 18.5
Normal 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Thick 30-39.9
Morbidly obese greater than 40
BMI is a screening tool but not a diagnosis.
